Info On Urinary Incontinence
FACT:1
“More than 25 million people in the United States alone
suffer from urinary incontinence. It afflicts both men
and women of all ages, hitting postmenopausal women the
hardest, followed by women in their child-bearing years.
An increasing number of men also suffer from it.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:
Urinary incontinence is the inability to control the
release of urine from your bladder. The problem has
varying degrees of severity. Some people experience
only occasional, minor leaks — or dribbles — of urine.
Others wet their clothes frequently. For a few,
incontinence means both urinary and fecal incontinence
— the uncontrollable loss of stools.
Main types of urinary incontinence
The five main types of urinary incontinence are:
#1 Stress incontinence.
This is loss of urine when you exert pressure — stress
— on your bladder by coughing, sneezing, laughing,
exercising or lifting something heavy. It has nothing
to do with psychological stress. The problem is especially
noticeable when you let your bladder get too full. Stress
incontinence is the most common type of incontinence,
often affecting women. Physical changes resulting from
pregnancy, childbirth and menopause can cause stress
incontinence. In men, removal of the prostate gland can
lead to thistype of incontinence.
#2 Urge incontinence.
This is a sudden, intense urge to urinate, followed by
an involuntary loss of urine. Your body may give you a
warning of only a few seconds to a minute to reach a
toilet. With urgeincontinence, you may also need to urinate
often. The need tourinate may even wake you up several times
a night. Some peoplewith urge incontinence have a strong
desire to urinate when theyhear water running or after they
drink only a small amount of liquid. Simply going from sitting
to standing may even cause youto leak urine. Urge incontinence
may be caused by a urinary tractinfection or by anything
that irritates the bladder. It can also be caused by bowel
problems or damage to the nervous system associated with
multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's
disease, stroke or injury. In urge incontinence, the bladder
is said to be "overactive" — it's contracting even when your
bladder isn't full. In fact, urge incontinence is
sometimes called overactive bladder or irritable bladder.
#3 Overflow incontinence.
If you frequently or constantly dribble urine, you may have
overflow incontinence. This is an inability to empty your
bladder,so it overflows uncontrollably and you leak urine.
With overflowincontinence, you may feel as if you never
completely empty yourbladder — or that you need to empty
your bladder, but can't. Whenyou try to urinate, you may
produce only a weak stream of urine. This type of
incontinenceis common in people with a damaged bladder
or blocked urethraand in men with prostate gland problems.
Nerve damage from diabetes also can lead to overflow
incontinence. Some medications can cause or increase
overflow incontinence.
# 4 Mixed incontinence.
This means having more than one type of incontinence,
typicallystress incontinence and urge incontinence.
Usually one type is more bothersome than the other is.
The cause of the two forms mayor may not be related.
# 5 Functional incontinence.
Many older adults, especially people in nursing homes,
experienceincontinence simply because a physical or mental
impairment keepsthem from making it to the toilet in time.
For example, a person with severe arthritis may not be able
to unbutton his or her pantsquickly. Someone with Alzheimer's
disease may not think well enoughto plan a timely trip to
the bathroom. This type of incontinence iscalled functional
incontinence.
Other types of urinary incontinence
You may hear other terms to describe incontinence:
Reflex incontinence.
This type of incontinence occurs when people with
an injury to their nervous system — such
as people with paralysisfrom a spinal cord injury that
affects nerves that run to the bladder— experience urine
loss without any sensation or warning at all.
An abnormal opening (fistula) between the bladder and
another structureor a leak in the urinary system also may
cause incontinence.
Total incontinence.
This term is sometimes used to describe continuous
leaking of urine, day and night, or
periodic large volumes of urine and uncontrollable leaking.
Some people have this type of incontinence because they
were born with an anatomical defect. It can also be caused
by a spinal cord injury or by injury to the urinary system
from surgery.
Nocturnal enuresis (en-u-REE-sis). This is the medical
term for nighttime bed-wetting. Some children, mainly boys,
who are otherwise toilet-trained wet the bed at night for
a variety of reasons. Adults can lose control of their
bladder at night, too, possibly because of medications or
drinking too much alcohol. The aging bladder also is more
likely to have difficultystoring urine at night because
of an abnormally high production of urine during nighttime.